Author Archives: Onisim Florin

Complete guide to BI-RADS (1-6) in mammography: what each category means and what comes after the result

You got your mammogram results and the sheet says “BI-RADS 4B” or “BI-RADS 3 — [...]

Specialized Gynecological Markers — Complete Patient Guide: From CA-125 and HE4 to L1CAM, BRCA and Liquid Biopsy

Have you recently received a result with values for CA-125, HE4 or maybe your doctor [...]

Neuroendocrine and endocrine markers: a complete guide for patients (Calcitonin, Chromogranin A, 5-HIAA and Metanephrines)

Have you had tests and seen elevated values such as “calcitonin”, “chromogranin A”, “5-HIAA” or [...]

Liquid biopsy (circulating tumor DNA / ctDNA): the revolution in modern oncology explained in a way that everyone can understand

Have you heard that cancer can be “tracked” through a simple blood test, without a [...]

Tumor markers in lung cancer and neuroendocrine tumors: a complete guide for patients (CYFRA 21-1, NSE, ProGRP, Chromogranin A)

Have you done tests and seen elevated values such as “CYFRA 21-1”, “NSE” or “ProGRP” [...]

Tumor markers in breast cancer: a complete guide for patients (CA 15-3, HER2, ER/PR receptors)

Have you been diagnosed with breast cancer and your test report includes terms like “CA [...]

Tumor markers in digestive cancers: a complete guide for patients (CEA, CA 19-9, CA 72-4 and AFP)

Have you done tests and seen values such as “CEA”, “CA 19-9” or “AFP” increased? [...]

Elevated PSA: When is a prostate biopsy needed and when is it NOT? Complete guide for patients

Did you get an “elevated PSA” result and your family doctor told you to go [...]

Tumor markers and their role: a complete guide for patients and implications for therapy

Have you received a blood test with an elevated “tumor marker” and are you scared? [...]

Gleason Score and Grade Group: Complete Guide to Understanding Your Prostate Biopsy Result

Receiving a diagnosis of prostate cancer is a difficult time, filled with emotions and questions. [...]